> 古兰经
《古兰经》是伊斯兰教唯一根本经典;是先知穆罕默德在复兴伊斯兰过程中陆续宣布的安拉启示的汇集。“古兰”一词系阿拉伯语的音译,意为“宣读”、“诵读”或“读物”。中文译为《古兰》《古兰经》《可兰经》《古兰真经》《宝命真经》等。中世纪西亚和阿拉阿伯伊斯兰经注学家根据经文表述,说它有55种名称,其中以“书”、“启示”、“真理”、“智慧”最为常见。现存最古老的《古兰经》(公元688年抄本)藏于埃及国家图书馆。《古兰经》以其全部内容确立了伊斯兰教的基本教义和制度,同时也反映了穆罕默德时代阿拉伯半岛希贾兹地区的社会现实和伊斯兰传播过程中的斗争概况。
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